Sustainable photocatalytic removal of cosmetic preservative parabens over a dual S-scheme TiO 2 /ZnO/g-C 3 N 4 catalyst under natural sunlight irradiation

Key Points

• The aim is to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of parabens using a dual S-scheme catalyst under sunlight.
• Developed a dual S-scheme TiO2/ZnO/g-C3N4 photocatalyst.
• Conducted degradation experiments of methyl- and ethyl-paraben.
• Used natural sunlight irradiation for the photocatalytic reaction.
• Achieved effective degradation of methyl- and ethyl-paraben.
• Demonstrated enhanced charge separation leading to improved photocatalytic activity.