As there exists reaction to climate change, energy systems are experiencing rapid transformations. Researchers and policymakers are searching for effective energy source for low-carbon future. Studies so far show that hydrogen energy is becoming the primary choice. Even though it is predictable that costs will possibly decrease as production level increases, it is reported that higher technology costs are barrier to shift toward hydrogen. This review presents various hydrogen generation approaches. The LCOH of common hydrogen production methods are compared, revealing why cost variation across different approaches exist. Furthermore, production of green hydrogen is also discussed in brief and compared with standard methods. Compared to integrated methods, it is highlighted that green hydrogen is environmentally sustainable, however its productivity level is still low. Theis review paper is helpful for readers to know the available techniques of hydrogen production and make good decisions concerning the necessary aspects that must be considered, to help with transformation towards hydrogen energy.
Fitsum Addis Hailu (Sun,) studied this question.