Effect of oxygenated ferrocene derivatives on soot formation and nanoparticle emissions in n -heptane diffusion flames

Key Points

• This research aims to investigate how oxygenated ferrocene derivatives affect soot formation and emissions in n-heptane diffusion flames.
• Analyzed different oxygenated ferrocene derivatives as flame additives.
• Measured soot formation and ultrafine particle emissions.
• Assessed changes in flame temperature during combustion.
• Oxygenated ferrocene derivatives significantly suppressed soot formation.
• A marked reduction in ultrafine particle emissions was observed.
• Flame temperature decreased with the addition of the derivatives.