Modes of oxygen ingress in upstream oil and gas production systems require careful management because of their implications for internal corrosion. Factors leading to oxygen infiltration include pipeline maintenance, equipment failures, system design, accidental introductions, chemical injections, and improper protocols. These pathways are examined to understand oxygen as a contributing factor in internal corrosion mechanisms. The findings consolidate industry knowledge of oxygen’s role in corrosion processes, supporting better practices for preservation of asset integrity in the oil and gas industry. Additional details can be found elsewhere.1
Deshmukh et al. (Tue,) studied this question.