Formalization method in design automation

This study proposes an innovative process called “Formation” to achieve design automation. The approach integrates the SECI model—a framework for knowledge management—with the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) method, which analyzes complex task dependencies. Traditionally, the formalization of knowledge focused on human-to-human transfer through documentation. In contrast, this study shifts toward machine-readable knowledge formalization for execution by digital systems. The proposed approach was applied to automate Plot Plan design in plant engineering. In “Formation” process, some algorithms such as graph clustering, rule-based layout and combinatorial optimization were selected through collaboration between plant engineers and IT specialists. As a result, a system called Auto Plot PATHFINDER was developed to automatically generate drawings that show the layout plans for plant equipment, machinery, roads, and buildings. This system achieved rapid generation and evaluation of multiple layout options, improving design efficiency and decision-making. The study demonstrates that integrating knowledge management with information technology is the key to advancing design automation.