ABSTRACT Restoring endodontically treated teeth remains a major clinical challenge due to their altered biomechanical integrity and the complexity of re-establishing function within a compromised root structure. Over the past century, substantial advancements have been made in the development of post materials and systems, each differing in mechanical performance, esthetic outcome, and clinical reliability. This review critically explores the chronological evolution of post systems, documenting the transition from conventional metallic designs to contemporary fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) and the advent of innovative materials such as bioactive, nanostructured, and digitally fabricated posts. Emphasis is placed on the comparative evaluation of these materials in terms of their mechanical behavior, adhesive interfaces, durability, and failure patterns. To offer a thorough viewpoint on postselection decision-making, clinical factors such as ferrule design, bonding techniques, and retreatability are also examined. In addition, the incorporation of digital technologies – like three dimensional printing and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing customization – is examined as a possible paradigm shift in intraradicular restoration. Dentistry’s dedication to biomimetic, esthetically pleasing, and long-lasting restorative solutions is demonstrated by the ongoing improvement of post materials and techniques. A new era of customized restorative dentistry is expected to be ushered in by future developments that combine mechanical strength, biological functionality, and patient-specific digital precision.
Malik et al. (Tue,) studied this question.