ABSTRACT Antioxidants play a pivotal role in neutralizing oxidative stress, a key factor in aging and chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegeneration. Although traditional antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, polyphenols, and endogenous enzymes have shown efficacy in laboratory and clinical studies, their therapeutic potential is often limited by poor stability, low bioavailability, and nonspecific activity. This review highlights recent advances in next‐generation antioxidant strategies designed to overcome these limitations. We explore cutting‐edge delivery technologies including nanoformulations, mitochondria‐targeted antioxidants, enzyme mimetics, and biopolymer‐based systems that improve the pharmacokinetics and site‐specific action. Gene‐targeted antioxidant therapies leveraging clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9), epigenetic modulators, and redox‐sensitive gene pathways represent a paradigm shift in precision antioxidant medicine. By integrating omics technologies and artificial intelligence, personalized antioxidant therapy is becoming increasingly feasible. Collectively, these innovations signify a transformative evolution in antioxidant science, opening new avenues for clinical translation and disease‐specific interventions.
Shaker et al. (Sun,) studied this question.