AbstractSorghum is a major cereal crop known for its exceptional adaptability to drought-prone environments. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the morphological, anatomical and biochemical strategies employed by sorghum to withstand water-deficit stress. Emphasis is placed on root traits, including enhanced root length, density and depth which improve water acquisition under drought conditions. Additionally, the review discusses key biochemical responses such as the accumulation of osmolytes (proline, glycine betaine and soluble sugars), modulation of antioxidant defense systems (superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase). These mechanisms play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, reducing oxidative stress, and optimizing water use efficiency. The integration of root architectural traits and biochemical adjustments provides a comprehensive understanding of sorghum’s resilience to drought. This knowledge is critical for guiding breeding programs, crop management practices and biotechnological interventions aimed at enhancing sorghum productivity under increasingly erratic climatic conditions.
Dalvi et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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