Integrative taxonomy and first records of Pimelia barmerensis and Blaps nathani (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) from the Cholistan Desert of Pakistan, with phylogenetic notes

Darkling beetles are ecologically important in arid zones, but the Cholistan Desert fauna is poorly documented. This study provides the first integrative taxonomic account of two species, Pimelia barmerensis and Blaps nathani, confirming their presence in Pakistan and establishing a molecular baseline. Examination of 297 collected specimens confirmed both species as new records for Pakistan. Detailed morphological redescriptions and morphometric data matched specimens from the Indian Thar Desert. We also provide the first molecular characterization for both species using the COI gene. Phylogenetic analyses revealed Pimelia barmerensis as a distinct lineage within its complex and placed Blaps nathani within the kollari/nitens species group. The results validate the species identities and provide a vital molecular baseline, underscoring the power of integrative taxonomy for biodiversity discovery in underexplored arid ecosystems. This work is a foundation for future biogeographical and conservation studies in the region.