Pipeinspectionrobotsare designedto monitorandassess the conditionof pipelinesin industriessuch as oil and gas, watersupply, andsewage systems. Theserobotscan travel inside pipes to detectcracks, blockages, corrosion, andotherstructuraldefectsthatare difficult or dangerousfor humansto inspect. Equippedwith sensors, cameras, andwireless communicationsystems, the robotcapturesreal-timedata and images of thepipeline' s\. This technologyimprovesinspectionaccuracy, reducesmaintenancecosts, and enhancessafety by minimizingthe needfor manualinspection in confinedspaces. \
Alam et al. (Thu,) studied this question.