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Recent technological advances in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, including the implementation of building information modeling (BIM) and automated data-capturing tools, have enabled the AEC industry to commence its digital journey in the era of big data. Over the last decade, e-permitting practices have been introduced in many municipal jurisdictions around the world, aimed at replacing the traditional and inefficient paper-based practices. In this paper, these recent international developments are investigated, and three distinct levels of e-permitting are defined based on their varying levels of automation and integration. A framework is then developed that considers the impact of each level of e-permitting on the entire life cycle of the project, from submission of permitting document through construction, operation, and maintenance of the built facility. The developed framework can be used as a road map for any municipality for advancing from traditional paper-based permitting practices (Level 0) to a fully integrated city planning tool (Level 3), thus enabling several smart urban management applications, including city-level planning reviews, integrated logistics planning, and smart urban asset management. The framework as a whole was validated by a group of experts on construction permitting practices. Specific elements of its lower levels have been implemented by municipalities around the world, which have reported significant productivity improvements. Finally, this paper investigates several barriers to implementing the higher levels of e-permitting, along with corresponding strategies for municipalities to mitigate and overcome these challenges.
Shahi et al. (Mon,) studied this question.