Treatment of Glioblastoma (GBM) with the Addition of Tumor-Treating Fields (TTF): A Review

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor. Despite aggressive treatment, GBM almost always recurs. The current standard-of-care for treatment of newly diagnosed GBM has remained relatively unchanged since 2005: maximal safe resection followed by concomitant chemoradiation (CRT) with temozolomide (TMZ), and subsequent adjuvant TMZ. In 2011, the first-generation tumor treating fields (TTF) device, known at the time as the NovoTTF-100A System (renamed Optune), was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of recurrent GBM. The TTF device was subsequently approved as an adjuvant therapy for newly-diagnosed GBM in 2015. The following is a review of the TTF device, including evidence supporting its use and limitations.