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Single crystal growth of several ferroelectric tungsten bronze compositions such as Sr1-x Bax Nb2O6 (SBN), Sr2KNb5O15 (SKN), Ba2xSrxK1-yNayNb5O15 (BSKNN) and K3Li2Nb5O15 (KLN), has been studied in detail. The results show that the smaller unit cell bronzes, e.g., SBN and SKN, have a cylindrical growth habit with 24 well-defined facets while the larger unit cell bronzes, e.g., BSKNN and KLN, grow in a square shape with 4 well-defined facets. Significant changes in the dielectric and piezoelectric properties can be obtained with changes in composition, and significant differences in the physical properties, e.g., k33, d33 and d15, can be observed between the small and large unit cell bronzes.
Neurgaonkar et al. (Tue,) studied this question.