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The static three-quark (3Q) potential is studied in detail using SU (3) lattice QCD with 12^324 at =5. 7 and 16^332 at =5. 8, 0ex{0ex}6. 0 at the quenched level. For more than 300 different patterns of the 3Q systems, we perform the accurate measurement of the 3Q Wilson loop with the smearing method, which reduces excited-state contaminations, and present the lattice QCD data of the 3Q ground-state potential V₃ₐ. We perform the detailed fit analysis on V₃ₐ in terms of the Y Ansatz both with the continuum Coulomb potential and with the lattice Coulomb potential, and find that the lattice QCD data of the 3Q potential V₃ₐ are well reproduced within a few percent deviation by the sum of a constant, the two-body Coulomb term and the three-body linear confinement term ₃ₐL₌₈₍, with L₌₈₍ the minimal value of the total length of color flux tubes linking the three quarks. From the comparison with the Q-Q potential, we find a universality of the string tension as ₃ₐₐₐ and the one-gluon-exchange result for the Coulomb coefficients as A₃ₐ12Aₐₐ. We investigate also the several fit analyses with the various Ans\"atze: the Y Ansatz with the Yukawa potential, the Ansatz and a more general Ansatz including the Y and the Ans\"atze in some limits. All these fit analyses support the Y Ansatz on the confinement part in the 3Q potential V₃ₐ, although V₃ₐ seems to be approximated by the Ansatz with _0. 53.
Takahashi et al. (Tue,) studied this question.