An optically levitated nanoparticle in an environment of variable gas pressure is used to study stochastic processes over large parameter ranges. Feedback control is employed to exert both conservative and non-conservative forces. Additional control is provided via parametric modulation, giving rise to frequency pulling, amplification, and switching. In this article, we discuss stability criteria and show that the nanoparticle's steady-state energy can be controlled over a range of nine orders of magnitude.
Gieseler et al. (Wed,) studied this question.