What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to translate and validate the KDMCQT for the Chinese-speaking population to assess depression knowledge.

April 22, 2026Open Access

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the knowledge of depression multiple choice question test (KDMCQT-C)

Key Points

The research aims to translate and validate the KDMCQT for the Chinese-speaking population to assess depression knowledge.
The KDMCQT was translated and culturally adapted into Chinese.
296 participants, including health professionals, medical students, and the general public, completed the KDMCQT-C.
Psychometric properties such as validity and reliability were assessed through factor analysis and internal consistency tests.
The KDMCQT-C showed excellent content validity and good internal consistency overall (α = 0.85).
The confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable model fit with several fit indices.
Test-retest reliability was strong (ICC = 0.73) and most items demonstrated moderate to high discrimination.

Abstract

The Knowledge of Depression Multiple Choice Question Test (KDMCQT) is a valuable tool for assessing depression knowledge but has not been validated in non‑English speaking populations. Given the high prevalence of depression in China and the lack of culturally adapted tools, this study aimed to translate, cross‑culturally adapt, and validate the KDMCQT for Chinese‑speaking populations. Following established cross‑cultural adaptation guidelines, the KDMCQT was translated and adapted into Chinese (KDMCQT‑C) and administered to 296 participants (26.4% health professionals, 37.8% medical students, 35.8% general public). Psychometric properties assessed included content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and item analysis. The KDMCQT‑C demonstrated excellent content validity (CVI = 1.0). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable model fit (GFI = 0.835, CFI = 0.879, RMSEA = 0.058, SRMR = 0.059, χ2/df = 1.61). The scale exhibited good internal consistency for the total scale (α = 0.85) and variable consistency for subscales (α = 0.25–0.83). Test–retest reliability was good (ICC = 0.73). Item analysis showed that most items had moderate to high discrimination (D = 0.30–0.62), with a small number requiring refinement. Overall, the KDMCQT‑C demonstrates promising psychometric properties to support its use among Chinese‑speaking populations, while highlighting the need for targeted revision of specific sub‑scales and items before large‑scale population deployment.

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