Субмікроскопічні Зміни Нейроцитів Гіпокампа Щурів З Індукованою Аденокарциномою Товстої Кишки Та За Умов Корекції Наноматеріалами

The aim of the work: to investigate ultrastructural changes in hippocampal neurocytes under conditions of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis and following correction with an Au/Ag/Fe nanocomposite. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 35 white male laboratory rats with an average weight of 180–200 g, which were kept in standard vivarium conditions. The animals were divided into three groups: intact, rats with induced adenocarcinoma, and animals that received nanoparticles for 21 days. After the experiment was completed, the animals were removed from it by decapitation. Before that, they were intraperitoneally injected with a 10 % solution of sodium thiopental (Arterium, Ukraine) at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Results. In rats with tumor intoxication, hypochromic and hyperchromic neurocytes predominated, demonstrating characteristic pathological alterations, including dilation of the granular endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, mitochondrial destruction, chromatin marginalization, and accumulation of autophagosomes and protein aggregates. In normochromic cells, signs of ultrastructural damage were also detected. Administration of the nanocomposite resulted in a reduction in the proportion of pathologically altered cells, stabilization of the ultrastructure of the neuroplasm, and restoration of ribosome number, as well as mitochondrial and karyoplasmic structure. Conclusions. Under conditions of DMH-induced colon adenocarcinoma, hypochromic and hyperchromic neurocytes with pronounced ultrastructural damage predominate in the rat hippocampus, indicating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. The application of the Au/Ag/Fe nanomaterial composition contributes to partial restoration of neuronal structure and demonstrates a neuroprotective effect. Received: 06.01.2026 | Revised: 30.01.2026 | Accepted: 23.02.2026