Safety of Radial Approach in Yemeni Patients, Local Experience of Nabdh Al-Hayat Cardiac Centre, Mukalla

Background: Femoral access has traditionally been the preferred route for coronary angiography. However, the transradial approach has gained increasing acceptance due to its association with fewer vascular complications, improved patient comfort, and earlier mobilization. Despite these advantages, concerns remain regarding a longer learning curve, increased fluoroscopy time, and higher contrast volume usage. Aim: To evaluate fluoroscopy time as a surrogate marker of radiation exposure during diagnostic coronary angiography, assess contrast volume usage, and compare findings with previously published studies. Methodology: This retrospective observational study included patients who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography between January 2, 2021, and May 29, 2024. Data were collected such as demographics, vascular access site, fluoroscopy time, and contrast volume. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: A total of 6,672 patients were included (77.3% male), with an age range of 45–70 years. The radial approach was used in 97.7% of cases. The mean fluoroscopy time was 2.25 ± 2.03 minutes, and the mean contrast volume was 54.23 ± 17.5 mL. Vascular complications were rare and limited to minor local hematomas. Conclusion: The transradial approach is a safe and effective technique with low complication rates. Fluoroscopy time and contrast usage were within acceptable ranges, indicating no excess radiation or contrast burden.