Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of nemonoxacin injection versus moxifloxacin injection in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), providing an evidence-based reference for clinical decision-making. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling 196 patients hospitalized with CAP between January 2024 and March 2025. Based on the treatment received, patients were allocated to a nemonoxacin group (n = 103) or a moxifloxacin group (n = 93). Clinical efficacy, inflammatory markers before and after treatment, and safety outcomes were compared between the groups. A cost-minimization analysis was used for the economic evaluation. Results Baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between groups ( P 0.05). Clinical efficacy was 100.0% in the nemonoxacin group versus 97.8% in the moxifloxacin group ( P = 0.135). Adverse reaction rates were 1.9% and 1.1% for nemonoxacin and moxifloxacin, respectively ( P = 0.622). Inflammatory markers decreased significantly after treatment in both groups, but the intergroup difference post-treatment was not statistically significant ( P 0.05). The total hospitalization cost was significantly lower in the nemonoxacin group (¥6,726.31 ± 1,849.50) than in the moxifloxacin group (¥7,354.12 ± 2,477.16) ( P = 0.044), indicating superior cost-effectiveness for nemonoxacin. Sensitivity analysis supported the robustness of the economic finding. Conclusion Nemonoxacin malate injection demonstrates clinical efficacy and safety comparable to moxifloxacin hydrochloride injection for CAP, while incurring significantly lower treatment costs, resulting in a more favorable economic profile.
Gu et al. (Wed,) studied this question.