Human Capital Development in Uzbekistan: Theoretical Basis, Demographic Opportunities and Strategies for Sustainable Economic Growth

This scientific article analyzes the theoretical-evolutionary development of the concept of human capital, its role in sustainable economic growth, and the possibilities for effectively utilizing the demographic dividend emerging under the conditions of Uzbekistan. The article evaluates the share of human capital in national wealth, recent changes in education, healthcare, and vocational fields, as well as budget allocations and institutional reforms within the framework of the "Uzbekistan-2030" strategy, based on data from the World Bank, OECD, and the UN. According to the research results, it is substantiated that the country can enter the ranks of upper-middle-income economies through the qualitative development of human capital, the integration of digital skills, the formation of a lifelong education system, and the elimination of regional inequality.