The contamination of water resources by persistent organic pollutants, particularly synthetic dyes, has become one of the most critical global environmental challenges in recent decades. A ternary ZnO–PANI–MoS 2 nanocomposite was successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal-assisted assembly strategy integrating green-precipitated ZnO, oxidatively polymerized polyaniline (PANI), and hydrothermally prepared MoS 2 . Structural and physicochemical properties were comprehensively characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA–DTA, and SEM analyses. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite was evaluated for methyl orange (MO) degradation under visible-light irradiation (80 W LED). The composite exhibited remarkable performance, achieving 86.70% degradation at neutral pH (7) and up to 97.27% removal at low dye concentration (10 ppm). Catalyst dosage and irradiation time significantly influenced degradation efficiency, with optimal performance observed at 0.05 g catalyst loading. Radical scavenging experiments confirmed that hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) were the dominant oxidative species, with additional contributions from superoxide radicals (O 2 •- ) and photogenerated holes.
Samani et al. (Mon,) studied this question.