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TPS1126 Background: Stage 2-3 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains at high risk for recurrence despite modern adjuvant therapy. An important role for the immune system in TNBC has recently emerged. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are correlated with improved prognosis and several PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors, including Durvalumab (DUR), demonstrated activity in metastatic TNBC. Vaccines are a promising approach to further enhance the immune response in many cancers including TNBC. PVX-410 (PVX) is a novel tetra-peptide vaccine against XBP1 (2 splice variants), CD138 and CS1 that was safe and induced immune responses in a phase 1b study in smoldering myeloma. XBP1 and CD138 are also over-expressed in TNBC. Methods: This Phase 1b multi-center, single arm study will enroll 20 HLA-A2+ female patients (pts) following completion of all adjuvant therapy for stage 2-3 TNBC. Pts will receive 6 doses of 800ug PVX (emulsified in Montanide (SC) and co-administered with Hiltonol (IM)) at 2-week intervals, and 2 doses of DUR 1500mg IV at the 4 th and 6 th vaccine visits. Eligible pts must be between 1-6 months from completing adjuvant therapy, have no prior autoimmune disease, and have residual disease if neoadjuvant therapy was used. The primary objective is to determine the safety and tolerability of the combination, and the key secondary objective is to determine the immune response to PVX + DUR. If ≤1 pt in the first 6 has a protocol defined dose limiting toxicity within 4 weeks after the first DUR dose, accrual will continue to 20 pts. Immune response will be assessed at baseline, pre-dose 4 PVX/dose 1 DUR, and 4 weeks after completing protocol therapy. Paired data in 20 pts provides 90% power to see a shift of 0.75 standardized units from baseline to 4 weeks post treatment with the signed rank test. Immune response will be determined by a FACs based assay of antigen specific CD3+CD8+ T lymphocyte response and IFN-γ production (intracellular staining) in patient PBMCs. Additional correlative studies, including T-cell PD-1 and tissue PD-L1, XBP1, and CD138, are planned. Currently 4 pts are enrolled. Clinical trial information: NCT02826434.
Isakoff et al. (Sat,) studied this question.