As Indonesia undergoes rapid urbanisation, integrating environmental paradigms with urban indices is essential for sustainable waste management. This study explores the synergy between the new environmental paradigm (NEP) and the normalised difference built-up index (NDBI) to develop a holistic waste management strategy that supports environmental education. The NEP assesses societal attitudes toward ecocentric and sustainable behaviours, while the NDBI identifies densely populated areas with high waste generation potential. Leveraging advanced geospatial tools such as Google Earth Engine and ArcGIS, this study analyses waste bank distribution and urban density across 12 sub-districts in Serang District. Findings reveal the presence of nine active waste banks, one digital waste bank, four inactive facilities, and two in development. Communities embracing ecocentric principles through active waste banks contribute to sustainable environmental change, whereas areas with inactive waste banks reflect challenges in resource management and urban expansion constraints. In order to foster sustainable waste management, it is essential to interact with the community, as demonstrated by the Serang Subdistrict. By integrating environmental paradigms and urban indices, this study offers a comprehensive framework for waste management strategies that support urban sustainability and environmental education.
Utari et al. (Thu,) studied this question.