Challenges in the catalytic synthesis of cyclic and polymeric carbonates from epoxides and CO2

The addition of carbon dioxide to epoxides to produce either cyclic carbonates or polycarbonates is an important reaction allowing the conversion of a renewable, inexpensive and non-toxic feedstock such as CO2 into useful products with many potential applications. In this perspective article, an overview of the type of catalysts used for this reaction, the mechanisms with which they operate and the parameters influencing their activity and selectivity are presented and discussed critically. In this context, the main challenges to be tackled in this vibrant area of research are highlighted.