Abstract Hydrogen is one of the potential clean energy sources that might help to address two critical global issues: energy scarcity and environmental concerns. Using fossil fuels for hydrogen generation has drawbacks, such as increased greenhouse gas emissions throughout the process. As a result, finding clean, sustainable, and dependable hydrogen generation technology cheaply and with zero emissions has become critical. The purpose of this study is to analyze hydrogen generation from solar energy. Mainly focus on PEM electrolyzer as a source of hydrogen and solar energy as a source of power fed to electrolyzer, so it is necessary to ensure that PV operate at maximum power or close to it, so we used P&O MPPT technique with several controllers like fuzzy logic (FL), proportional integer (PI) and fraction order proportional integer (FOPI) controllers. To achieve optimal tuning for the final two controller parameters, differentiated creative search optimization algorithm (DCSO) is applied and compared to other algorithms such as PSO and GWO. When comparing the outcomes, it was revealed that PI-DCSO is the best, with 6987 W produced power, followed by FOPI-DCSO with 6767 W, and the FLC with 6296 W output power, as detailed in the result chapter, which also contains a comparison of PV production under varying conditions, and a comparison of PEM electrolyzer under different conditions.
Mohamed et al. (Thu,) studied this question.