We examine whether US interior immigration enforcement policies deter deportees from reentering the United States and whether these effects vary by individual characteristics. Using data from the Mexican Survey of Migration to the Northern Border and exploiting variation in E-Verify mandates and 287(g) agreements across states over time, we find that these policies reduce the likelihood of reentry. We show that each policy disproportionately affects deportees with specific characteristics: E-Verify mandates have larger effects on deportees with stronger labor market attachment, while 287(g) agreements have larger effects on those with lower human capital or who have committed a serious crime.
Chang et al. (Fri,) studied this question.