Elevated levels of cardiac troponins in blood serum and urine have high diagnostic and prognostic value in hypertension, although the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear.
Cardiac troponins in serum and non-invasive fluids like urine show promise as early diagnostic and prognostic markers in hypertension, despite unclear underlying mechanisms.
The review aimed to discuss and detail the main mechanisms of myocardial cell injury and increased concentrations of cardiac specific troponin isoforms (cTnI and cTnT) in blood serum and urine in hypertension. The search and analysis of foreign and domestic literature were carried out using the MedLine, EMBASE, Scopus and eLibrary databases to achieve this goal. According to recent experimental and clinical researches using high and ultra-sensitive methods for determining cTnI and cTnT, cardiomyocytes are extremely sensitive to many damaging factors in a number of physiological and pathological conditions. The serum concentrations of cTnI and cTnT can increase at the earliest stages of cardiovascular diseases (for example, in prehypertension, latent forms of coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension) and are important for predicting subsequent complications in the form of acute and life-threatening cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and others). Moreover, troponin molecules can be detected not only in blood serum but also in non-invasively obtained biological fluids, including urine and oral fluid, which in the future can be used as new methods for the non-invasive diagnosis of many cardiovascular diseases. Although elevated levels of cTnI and cTnT in blood serum and urine in hypertension have a fairly high diagnostic and prognostic value, the pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiac troponins level elevations in human biological fluids in this pathological condition remain unclear.
Aleksey M. Chaulin (Tue,) conducted a review in Arterial hypertension. Cardiac troponin measurement was evaluated. Elevated levels of cardiac troponins in blood serum and urine have high diagnostic and prognostic value in hypertension, although the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear.
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