Efficacy of Insulin Analogs in Achieving the Hemoglobin A1c Target of 7% in Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE: Insulin analogs are increasingly used in patients with type 2 diabetes. We compared the effect of basal, biphasic, prandial, and basal-bolus insulin regimens with insulin analogs to reach the hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) target of 30. RESULTS: We found 16 RCTs, with 20 comparisons and 7,759 patients. A greater proportion of patients achieved the HbA(1c) goal of <7% with both biphasic (odds ratio 1.88 95% CI 1.38-2.55) and prandial (2.07 1.16-3.69) insulin compared with basal insulin; this was associated for biphasic insulin with greater hypoglycemia (event/patient/30 days, mean difference, 0.34 range 0-0.69) and weight gain in kg (1.0 kg 0.28-1.73). Compared with biphasic insulin, the basal-bolus regimen was associated with a greater chance to reach the HbA(1c) goal (odds ratio 1.75 95% CI 1.11-2.77), with no greater hypoglycemia or weight gain. The effect of insulin analogs on long-term diabetes complications is still lacking. CONCLUSIONS: A greater proportion of type 2 diabetic patients can achieve the HbA(1c) goal <7% with biphasic or prandial insulin compared with basal insulin; in absolute terms, the basal-bolus regimen was best for the attainment of the HbA(1c) goal.