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This article explores three kinds of aids to text comprehension: aids for selecting information, such as behavioral objectives, or underlining; aids for building internal connections, such as outline headings or structured notetaking; aids for building external connections, such as concrete advance organizers or elaboration activities. Progress in understanding and using aids‐to‐text‐comprehension can be made by determining how various aids affect the internal cognitive processing of text information during reading.
Richard E. Mayer (Sun,) studied this question.