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Various scholars of the judicial process have compiled data on differences in the backgrounds of American judges, but they have not shown that these background characteristics correlate with differences in the decisions of the judges analyzed.'Various other scholars of the judicial process have compiled data on the different decisional tendencies of American judges, but they similarly have not shown that these decisional propensities correlate with differences in the backgrounds of the judiciary. 2It is the purpose of this paper to explore the empirical relationships between various background and attitudinal characteristics of judges and their decisions in criminal cases. 3
Stuart S. Nagel (Sat,) studied this question.