Solving Medical and Social Problems of the Family, Motherhood and Childhood in the USSR 1936–1953 (Based on the Materials of the Irkutsk Region and the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR)

The article is devoted to the consideration of social policy in the field of motherhood and childhood in the USSR in 1936–1953. The aspect of solving medical and social problems of families in the context of the development of certain territories of Eastern Siberia is studied. The main features of the development of women's and children's health protection, as well as the impact of health measures on the birth rate and child mortality are noted. On the basis of archival materials, an analysis of the indicators of the number of abortions, as well as the dynamics of the development of maternity institutions, is presented. The peculiarities of the restructuring of the healthcare system during the war years are noted. The analysis of social policy on the example of the Irkutsk region and the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR showed that both locally and in the country as a whole, human life was valued most of all, and its preservation was the main task of the healthcare system developing throughout the studied period.