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Radiation pressure from a laser has been used to cool and compress small nonneutral plasmas of ^9Be^+ ions confined by static electric and magnetic fields. A second laser has been used as a probe to measure ion densities of 210^7 cm^-3 and ion temperatures below 100 mK. A Coulomb coupling constant, , as large as 10 has been measured indicating that the plasma is strongly coupled. In the future, values of large enough to observe a liquid-solid phase transition should be accessible.
Bollinger et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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