When and how phonological similarity facilitates logographic cognate processing: An examination with Chinese-Japanese bilinguals

• Topic: Processing of orthographic cognates by logographic script bilinguals. • Phonological similarity facilitates cognate processing in a naming task. • Phonological similarity does not facilitate cognate processing in an LDT. • Facilitation effects due to overall phonological similarity were observed. • Phonological similarity aids retrieval of holistic phonological representations.