Abstract Objectives Adolescent pregnancy remains a significant public health challenge with multifaceted physical, psychological, and social consequences. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with the quality of life (QOL) in pregnant women under 18 years old in western Iran. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 pregnant women (150 adolescents <18 years and 150 adults aged 18–35) attending comprehensive health centers in Hamadan, Iran. Data were collected using validated questionnaires, including the WHOQOL-BREF for QoL, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Data were analyzed using Stata software at an error level of < 0.05. Results Adolescent mothers had significantly lower perceived social support (23.92 ± 10.01 vs. 26.12 ± 6.94, p=0.029) and lower QoL scores in the physical (55.84% vs. 67.19 %, p<0.001), psychological (69.32% vs. 82.55 %, p<0.001), and social (62.16% vs. 71.91 %, p=0.006) domains compared to adult mothers. For the adolescent group, multivariable regression identified higher perceived social support (β=0.062, p<0.001) and intended pregnancy (β=0.669, p=0.015) as significant predictors of better QoL. Conclusions This cross-sectional comparative study highlights the distinct psychosocial characteristics of adolescent pregnancy, with young mothers appearing to experience lower levels of social support and poorer quality of life in key physical, psychological, and social domains compared to their adult counterparts.
Jenabi et al. (Thu,) studied this question.