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The charge-coupled device (CCD) has shown unprecendented performance as a photon detector in the areas of spectral response, charge transfer and readout noise. Recent experience indicates, however, that the full potential for the CCD's charge collection efficiency (CCE) lies well beyond that which is realized in currently available devices. In this paper, we present a definition of CCE performance and introduce a standard test tool (the photon transfer technique) for measuring and optimizing this important COD parameter. We compare CCE characteristics for different types of CODs, discuss the primary limitations in achieving high CCE performance, and outline the prospects for future improvement.
Janesick et al. (Wed,) studied this question.