Multiscale mechanics and molecular dynamics simulations of the durability of fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Abstract Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have gained widespread applications in many engineering fields, making it imperative to study long-term performance under service conditions. Due to their heterogeneity and multifield coupling conditions, the long-term performance of FRP composites has become a complex scientific problem that involves multiscale and multidisciplinary aspects. With advancements in nanotechnology and computational power, researchers have increasingly conducted studies on the deterioration mechanisms and durability of FRP composites using top-down experiments and bottom-up multiscale simulations. Here, we review micro- and nano-mechanics in relation to the durability of FRP composites, including progress in the use of atomic and molecular simulations. We elucidate the role of multiscale methods, particularly molecular dynamics simulations, in the study of FRP composites and outline its prospects, to illustrate how micro- and nano-mechanics contribute to research on the durability of FRP composites.