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The recognition of the central role of radiative processes in many proposed climate change mechanisms and the perception of possibly significant uncertainties in the estimates of these fundamental processes led the Joint Scientific Committee of the World Climate Research Programme and the International Radiation Commission of the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics to initiate the International Intercomparison of Radiation Codes in Climate Models (ICRCCM). The results from model calculations with specified clear‐and‐cloudy conditions show that many radiation algorithms may have unidentifiable but large errors that may significantly affect the conclusions of the studies in which they are used. This is true for climate modeling but may also be the case for other applications such as the estimation of radiation fluxes at the surface from satellite observations. As the study has progressed over a 4‐year period, there has been a narrowing of results as errors were found in some codes and as the understanding of many modeling problems increased. Many of the results, particularly for clear‐sky conditions, indicate that we are close to the range of (relative) accuracy for calculating flux quantities necessary for many climate programs. However, not all models will give such accuracy. It is recommended that the ICRCCM test cases be used to test radiation algorithms prior to their application to climate‐related problems. The participants feel that the rather large discrepancies revealed during ICRCCM cannot be decisively resolved by further calculation. Therefore the group recommends the organization of a program to simultaneously measure spectral radiance at high spectral resolution along with the atmospheric data necessary to calculate radiances.
Ellingson et al. (Mon,) studied this question.