Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
An important consideration in engineering design is failure. Failure of an element occurs if the stress in the element equals the strength of the element. The probability of failure is therefore dependent on the probability distributions of stress and strength (Freudenthal 1947, 1956, 1961; Langejan 1965; Wu and Kraft 1967).
Wu et al. (Sun,) studied this question.