Recent developments in small‐scale mining

Artisanal mining is to be viewed not only as an issue requiring mining expertise, but also as a socio‐economic issue in the context of poverty, requiring multi‐sectoral attention. This article traces global employment estimates in small‐scale mining, outlining the extent and economic impact of small‐scale mining in selected countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. New approaches and developments are analyzed with special focus on the interrelated roles of government, the private sector, non‐governmental organizations, lending institutions and the local communities. The flow of foreign capital, the creation of joint ventures, and the contribution of women are also discussed, as are strategies that have been implemented as well as recent developments including developments in the areas of health and safety.