High average 24-hour ambulatory heart rate was associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 3.21) compared to low ambulatory heart rate among healthy middle-aged men.
Cohort (n=439)
Yes
Does a higher average 24-hour ambulatory heart rate increase the risk of all-cause mortality in middle-aged men free of baseline coronary heart disease?
Average 24-hour ambulatory heart rate is a strong, independent predictor of all-cause mortality in healthy middle-aged men.
Effect estimate: HR 3.21 (95% CI 1.22-8.44)
Absolute Event Rate: 18.4% vs 4.8%
p-value: p=<0.001
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between average 24-hour ambulatory heart rate and all-cause mortality, while adjusting for resting clinical heart rate, cardiorespiratory fitness, occupational and leisure time physical activity as well as classical risk factors. A group of 439 middle-aged male workers free of baseline coronary heart disease from the Belgian Physical Fitness Study was included in the analysis. Data were collected by questionnaires and clinical examinations from 1976 to 1978. All-cause mortality was collected from the national mortality registration with a mean follow-up period of 16.5 years, with a total of 48 events. After adjustment for all before mentioned confounders in a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, a significant increased risk for all-cause mortality was found among the tertile of workers with highest average ambulatory heart rate compared to the tertile with lowest ambulatory heart rate (Hazard ratio = 3.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.22-8.44). No significant independent association was found between resting clinic heart rate and all-cause mortality. The study indicates that average 24-hour ambulatory heart rate is a strong predictor of all-cause mortality independent from resting clinic heart rate, cardiorespiratory fitness, occupational and leisure time physical activity and other classical risk factors among healthy middle-aged workers.
Korshøj et al. (Thu,) conducted a cohort in Healthy middle-aged men (n=439). High average 24-hour ambulatory heart rate (highest tertile) vs. Low average 24-hour ambulatory heart rate (lowest tertile) was evaluated on All-cause mortality (HR 3.21, 95% CI 1.22-8.44, p=<0.001). High average 24-hour ambulatory heart rate was associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 3.21) compared to low ambulatory heart rate among healthy middle-aged men.