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Abstract A quantitative study of the inferior olivary nucleus in single specimens of man, cat and vampire bat has been made. The number of cells in the human is about 908,680 which is about one‐fifteenth the number of Purkinje cells thought by others to be present in the human cerebellum. The estimated figure in the cat is about 140,520 while in the vampire it is 26,644. The relation of these figures to the total number of Purkinje cells in the last two species is still to be determined. The neuron density is highest in the vampire where the volume of the cell bodies represents one‐eighth the total volume of the nucleus while in the cat the comparable ratio is one‐sixteenth, and in the human one‐twenty‐fifth. This reflects the richer neuropils of afferent connections and dendrites in the more highly developed species. Unsolved problems and discrepancies concerning the number of olivary cells and Purkinje cells in the light of present concepts of the olivary origin of climbing fibers are discussed and areas of future study are suggested.
Escobar et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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