Hypertension (p=0.007), diabetes (p=0.036), obesity (p=0.001), and psychosocial stress (p<0.001) were independently associated with premature myocardial infarction in a matched young population.
Case-Control (n=180)
Which traditional cardiovascular risk factors are independently associated with premature myocardial infarction in a young Serbian population?
Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and psychosocial stress are independently associated with premature myocardial infarction in young adults, highlighting the need for early cardiovascular prevention.
Objective: Serbia is considered a country at very-high risk for cardiovascular diseases. Concerning fact is that the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) is increasing among younger generations. Premature MI is strongly influenced by traditional cardiovascular risk factors. However, their relative contribution in young populations remains incompletely defined. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors between young patients with myocardial infarction and age- and sex-matched controls. We further aimed to determine which risk factors were independently associated with myocardial infarction after multivariable adjustment accounting for the matched study design. An additional objective was to explore whether associations observed in paired analyses persisted after adjustment for coexisting risk factors. Design and method: We conducted a matched case–control study. This study included 90 patients with MI occurring before age 45 (mean age 42.0 ± 5.0 years, 83.9% male) and 90 age- and sex-matched controls from the same birth cohorts. Cardiovascular risk factors were compared using the McNemar test. Independent associations with myocardial infarction were assessed using multivariable logistic regression with generalised estimating equations to account for within-pair correlation. Results: In paired analyses, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and psychosocial stress were significantly more prevalent among MI patients, while obesity showed a borderline association. Dyslipidaemia was equally prevalent in cases and controls. In multivariable analysis, hypertension (p = 0.007), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.036), obesity (p = 0.001), and psychosocial stress (p < 0.001) remained independently associated with MI. Smoking was not independently associated with myocardial infarction after adjustment Conclusions: In this matched young population, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and psychosocial stress were independently associated with MI, whereas smoking did not retain an independent association after adjustment. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive risk-factor profiling in premature MI, and enhances importance of cardiovascular prevention from early age.
Tasić et al. (Fri,) conducted a case-control in Premature myocardial infarction (n=180). Cardiovascular risk factors vs. Age- and sex-matched controls was evaluated on Independent association with myocardial infarction. Hypertension (p=0.007), diabetes (p=0.036), obesity (p=0.001), and psychosocial stress (p<0.001) were independently associated with premature myocardial infarction in a matched young population.