Electromagnetic and Chemical Signatures of the Tiamat Disruption Model: Predictions for the Galilean Satellites

Key Points

• The research aims to unify the formation model of the Galilean satellites, focusing on their distinct accretion from a disrupted planetesimal.
• Propose a unified model for the four Galilean satellites (Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto) based on their distinct accretion sources.
• Make testable predictions regarding electromagnetic induction and chemical signatures, particularly in Europa's subsurface ocean.
• Outline predictions for upcoming missions, Europa Clipper (2030) and JUICE (2031), to validate the model.
• Predicted non-monotonic phase lag patterns for electromagnetic induction across the satellites: Io~0°, Europa~1°, Ganymede 13–45°, Callisto~a few degrees.
• Identified dissolved phosphate concentrations in Europa's subsurface ocean at ~10⁻⁷–10⁻⁵ M, derived from Fe₃P inclusions.
• All predictions are set to be tested by upcoming missions in the next decade.