What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Observational. Population: Hypertension (n=45517). Intervention: Age and sex. Primary outcome: 24-hour elastic pulse pressure (elPP) and stiffening pulse pressure (stPP) (p=<0.05).

What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to examine the factors influencing elastic and stiffening components of pulse pressure in an elderly population.

June 3, 2026

Determinants of Elastic and Stiffening Components of Pulse Pressure Based on 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Elastic pulse pressure was higher in men than women (46.4 vs 45.8 mmHg, p<0.05) and showed a U-shaped curve with age, whereas stiffening pulse pressure progressively increased with aging.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to examine the factors influencing elastic and stiffening components of pulse pressure in an elderly population.

Key Result

Elastic pulse pressure was higher in men than women (46.4 vs 45.8 mmHg, p<0.05) and showed a U-shaped curve with age, whereas stiffening pulse pressure progressively increased with aging.

Key Points

This study aims to examine the factors influencing elastic and stiffening components of pulse pressure in an elderly population.
Analyzed 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data from 45517 subjects in Hungary.
Calculated elastic and stiffening pulse pressure using established formulas.
Documented patients' clinical history and demographic data in electronic case report forms.
Elastic pulse pressure was significantly higher in men (46.4 ± 8.2 mmHg) compared to women (45.8 ± 9.2 mmHg), p<0.05.
Stiffening pulse pressure was significantly higher in women (8.9 ± 5.8 mmHg) than men (8.3 ± 5.5 mmHg), p<0.05.
Elastic pulse pressure showed a U-shaped trend with age, while stiffening pulse pressure increased progressively with age.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=45,517)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Population

45,517 subjects (mean age 56.4 years, 54.1% female) from the Hungarian ABPM Registry evaluated for determinants of elastic and stiffening pulse pressure.

Outcome

Determinants of 24-hour elastic pulse pressure (elPP) and stiffening pulse pressure (stPP)surrogate

Analysis of a large national ABPM registry reveals distinct age and sex-based patterns for elastic and stiffening components of pulse pressure, which may help individualize hypertension management.

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.05

Abstract

Objective: Pulse pressure (PP), which is a marker of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) in elderly, can be divided into two components: elastic PP (elPP) and stiffening PP (stPP). Thus, the aim of our study was to explore the determinants of 24-hour elPP and stPP in a national ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) database. Design and method: ABPM data of 45517 subjects (age: 56.4 ± 14.9 years, man: 20857 (45.9%)) were collected from the Hungarian ABPM Registry between September 2020 and August 2024. Patients’ history and clinical data were documented in electronic case report forms and were later analyzed together with ABPM data. elPP and stPP were calculated according to published formulas. Results: The elPP was higher in men than woman (46.4 ± 8.2 vs 45.8 ± 9.2 mmHg, p70 years, while stPP progressively increased with ageing. Multiple predictors of elPP and stPP were identified based on age categories, sex and heart rate. Conclusions: The evaluation of the determinants of elastic and stiffening PP including several epigenetic factors can help to better understand the pathomechanisms responsible for the development of HMOD and to develop better and individual treatments.

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