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The increasing population and number of vehicles lead to a significant growth in air pollution. This occurrence causes a serious issue that may impair the environment and public health. To monitor the level of air pollution, it is necessary to develop a device capable of accurately assessing pollution levels. Therefore, this research aims to implement the Internet of Things (IoT) to develop an air monitoring system. This system collects sensor data and transmits data to a cloud-based platform for analysis and visualization. Integrating multiple sensors enhances the system's ability to detect various pollutants commonly found indoors and outdoors. In addition, the air monitoring device includes a sensor to detect fire-causing gas such as hydrogen gas, and a sensor to measure the temperature and humidity levels of the surrounding areas. The effectiveness of the system is demonstrated through experimental tests conducted under various environmental conditions. The test results showed CO2 levels below 5,000 ppm, CO gas levels below 25 ppm, and other gases within safe limits, indicating that air pollution in Semarang on April 14, 2024, was considered safe or normal. The temperature and humidity levels experienced a decrease of 0.008495% and 0.6787%, respectively. Meanwhile, CO2 and H2 decreased exponentially by 0.1697% and 0.0269%, respectively. The error analysis between the DHT11 sensor and BMKG data indicates that the temperature measurements have an error rate of 1.05%, while the humidity measurements have an error rate of 1.04%. The results show that the developed system offers an efficient and cost-effective solution for continuous air quality monitoring, with potential applications in smart cities, industrial environments, and indoor spaces to reduce health risks associated with air pollution.
Easterline et al. (Mon,) studied this question.