Oxygenation and perfusion monitoring techniques from the systemic to the cellular level are essential for early detection of tissue hypoxia and goal-directed therapy in anesthesia and critical care.
Maintenance or restoration of adequate tissue oxygenation is a main goal of anesthesiologic and intensive care patient management. Pathophysiological disturbances which interfere with aerobic metabolism may occur at any stage in the oxygen cascade from atmospheric gas to the mitochondria, and there is no single monitoring modality that allows comprehensive determination of "the oxygenation". To facilitate early detection of tissue hypoxia (or hyperoxia) and to allow a goal directed therapy targeted at the underlying problem, the anesthesiologist and intensive care physician require a thorough understanding of the numerous determinants that influence cellular oxygenation. This article reviews the basic physiology of oxygen uptake and delivery to tissues as well as the options to monitor determinants of oxygenation at different stages from the alveolus to the cell.
Schober et al. (Thu,) conducted a review in Tissue hypoxia and oxygenation monitoring. Oxygenation and perfusion measurement techniques was evaluated. Oxygenation and perfusion monitoring techniques from the systemic to the cellular level are essential for early detection of tissue hypoxia and goal-directed therapy in anesthesia and critical care.
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