n-3 fatty acids, in contrast to saturated fatty acids, decreased endothelial lipase expression and modulated inflammatory markers in macrophages and mouse aorta.
Do n-3 fatty acids reduce endothelial lipase and inflammatory markers compared to saturated fatty acids in murine macrophages and LDL receptor knockout mice?
n-3 fatty acids, unlike saturated fatty acids, decrease endothelial lipase and modulate inflammatory markers in macrophages and mouse aorta through mechanisms linked to PPARγ.
OBJECTIVE: Macrophage endothelial lipase (EL) is associated with increased atherosclerosis and inflammation. Because of their anti-inflammatory properties we hypothesized that n-3 fatty acids, in contrast to saturated fatty acids, would lower macrophages and arterial EL and inflammatory markers. METHODS AND RESULTS: Murine J774 and peritoneal macrophages were incubated with eicosapentaenoic acid or palmitic acid in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccaride (LPS). LPS increased EL mRNA and protein. Palmitic acid alone or with LPS dose-dependently increased EL mRNA and protein. In contrast, eicosapentaenoic acid dose-dependently abrogated effects of LPS or palmitic acid on increasing EL expression. EL expression closely linked to peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)γ expression. Eicosapentaenoic acid blocked rosiglitazone (a PPARγ agonist)-mediated EL activation and GW9662 (a PPARγ antagonist)-blocked palmitic acid-mediated EL stimulation. Eicosapentaenoic acid alone or with LPS blunted LPS-mediated stimulation of macrophage proinflammatory interleukin-6, interleukin-12p40, and toll-like receptor-4 mRNA and increased anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 and mannose receptor mRNA. In vivo studies in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice showed that high saturated fat rich diets, but not n-3 diets, increased arterial EL, PPARγ, and proinflammatory cytokine mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: n-3 fatty acids, in contrast to saturated fatty acids, decrease EL in parallel with modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, and these effects on EL link to PPARγ.
Jung et al. (Sat,) conducted a other in Atherosclerosis and inflammation. n-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid) vs. Saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid) was evaluated on Endothelial lipase (EL) and inflammatory markers expression. n-3 fatty acids, in contrast to saturated fatty acids, decreased endothelial lipase expression and modulated inflammatory markers in macrophages and mouse aorta.
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