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Information and communications technology (ICT) is among the main tools of the scientific world in modern times. It includes all of the technologies used for processing, transmitting, and storing information and facilitating communication. In fact, ICT includes a wide range of technologies and tools that are used to manage and exchange information, such as computers, software, networks, telecommunications equipment, and other associated digital devices. It plays crucial roles in various aspects of modern life, including business, education, government, health care, entertainment, and many more. It has transformed the way people communicate, access information, conduct business, and interact with each other. Large-scale ICT applications include the Internet; the Internet of Things (IoT); mobile phones; social media; e-mail; videoconferencing; cloud computing; and various software applications for data analysis, graphics design, programming, and digitalization.
Routray et al. (Fri,) studied this question.