ABSTRACT The motion of ferromagnetic particles in a non-uniform magnetic field is difficult to observe directly, and its underlying dynamic mechanism remains insufficiently understood. In this study, a multiphysics coupled numerical approach integrating non-uniform magnetic field simulation with the discrete element method (DEM) is proposed to investigate the translation, collision, rotation, and stable adsorption of ferromagnetic particles in a non-uniform static magnetic field. The results show that the particles evolve through three successive stages, namely magnetic attraction, collision, and equilibrium recovery, before reaching a stable state. Ultimately, chain-like structures are formed along the magnetic field lines, while the magnetic deflection angle exhibits an overall decreasing trend with oscillatory fluctuations. The experimental results agree well with the numerical simulations, further confirming the accuracy of the proposed coupled numerical method.
Li et al. (Mon,) studied this question.