Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
A piperidinyl nitroxide stable free radical derivative, TES, was tested as an NMR contrast enhancer of renal structures in normal animals and animals with experimentally induced unilateral renal ischemia, renal vascular congestion, and hydronephrosis. Physiologic measurements indicated that TES is rapidly excreted in the urine with a clearance rate equal to the glomerular filtration rate. Because the compound is strongly paramagnetic, it increases the observable NMR intensity within the kidneys and urine in relatively low doses (0.04 to 0.9 g/kg). TES-enhanced spin echo renal images clearly demonstrated the presence of disease and functional abnormalities in diseased kidneys. These abnormalities were either not evident or only indirectly suggested on nonenhanced NMR images.
Brasch et al. (Wed,) studied this question.